https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38068 p <0.001), longer disease duration (HR=1.01, p=0.038), a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score (HR=1.30, p<0.001), more rapid disability trajectory (HR=2.82, p<0.001) and greater number of relapses in the previous year (HR=1.07, p=0.010) were independently associated with an increased risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Improving disability (HR=0.62, p=0.039) and disease-modifying therapy exposure (HR=0.71, p=0.007) were associated with a lower risk. Recent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging activity, evidence of spinal cord lesions and oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid were not associated with the risk of conversion. Conclusion:Risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis increases with age, duration of illness and worsening disability and decreases with improving disability. Therapy may delay the onset of secondary progression.]]> Wed 24 May 2023 12:22:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22648 Wed 22 May 2019 14:50:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34542 Tue 26 Mar 2019 15:11:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27384 Tue 13 Oct 2020 19:16:32 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27446 Tue 13 Oct 2020 19:11:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19533 95% of the identified indication bias. Slightly lower relapse incidence was found among patients treated with glatiramer acetate or subcutaneous interferon β-1a relative to intramuscular interferon β-1a and interferon β-1b (p≤0.001). No differences in 12-month confirmed progression of disability were observed. Conclusion: Small but statistically significant differences in relapse outcomes exist among the injectable immunomodulators. MSBase is sufficiently powered to identify these differences and reflects practice in tertiary MS centres. While the present study controlled indication, selection and attrition bias, centre-dependent variance in data quality was likely.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:02:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20329 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28805 P < 10⁻¹²). However, the female-to-male ratio in patients with relapse-onset multiple sclerosis and zero relapses in any given year was double that of the patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Patient age was a more important determinant of decline in relapse incidence than disease duration (P < 10⁻¹²). Females are predisposed to higher relapse activity than males. However, this difference does not explain the markedly lower female-to-male sex ratio in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Decline in relapse activity over time is more closely related to patient age than disease duration.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:27 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30262 p [signed-rank] < 0.0001), a 64% reduction in the rate of first relapse (hazard ratio [HR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.47; p < 0.001), and a 27% reduction in the rate of discontinuation (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58–0.93; p = 0.01), compared with first-line IFN-β/GA therapy. Confirmed disability progression and area under the Expanded Disability Status Scale–time curve analyses were not significant. Similar relapse and treatment persistence results were observed in each of the higher disease activity subgroups. Conclusions: This study provides Class IV evidence that first-line natalizumab for RRMS improves relapse and treatment persistence outcomes compared to first-line IFN-β/GA. This needs to be balanced against the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in natalizumab-treated patients. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that first-line natalizumab for RRMS improves relapse rates and treatment persistence outcomes compared to first-line IFN-β/GA.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36719 Mon 24 Aug 2020 10:45:35 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53246 Mon 20 Nov 2023 10:14:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25306 Mon 06 Mar 2023 17:55:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51076 Fri 18 Aug 2023 09:03:23 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54701 Fri 08 Mar 2024 12:07:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34026 80%) for relapse incidence during the first year and for disability outcomes, moderate for relapse incidence in Years 2–4 and for the change in the cumulative disease burden, and low for conversion to secondary progressive disease and treatment discontinuation. External validation showed similar results, demonstrating high external validity for disability and relapse outcomes, moderate external validity for cumulative disease burden and low external validity for conversion to secondary progressive disease and treatment discontinuation. We conclude that demographic, clinical and paraclinical information helps predict individual response to disease-modifying therapies at the time of their commencement.]]> Fri 01 Feb 2019 10:45:46 AEDT ]]>